Nailpolish

History

Nailpolish

In china nailpolish was first originated and about 3000Bc it was used. The royal house Zhou dynasty was demanded the colors of gold and silver around 600 Bc. Nailpolish was made from gelatin, eggwax, beeswax, gum Arabic , vegetable dyes. The lower classes wore pale colors and the high society wored red colors in Egypt. The nails were tinted with scented red oils and polished at the 9^th century .The peoples were painted with tinted powders and creams into their nails at the 19^th and early 20^th century.

Formulation

Nailpolish has mixture of a film- forming polymerand it is dissolved in a volatile organic solvent and Nitrocellulose is dissolved in ethyl acetate or butyl acetate.

Dyes and pigments

It is mixed of chromium hydroxide, chromium oxide greens, stannic oxide, ferric ferrocyanide, carmine, iron oxide,     manganese violet,   ultramarine .

Opalescent pigment it is mixed of bismuth oxychloride, mica, aluminum powder and natural pearls.

Nailpolish

Types of polish

Base coat

 This type of nailpolish use before applying to the nail and this is a clear and milky- colored polish. It helps polish adhere to the nail, restore moisture and strengthen nails.It also helps  to keep nails  from stained with yellowish color and helps from unhealthy nails.

Top coat

This type use after applying nail polish to the nail and this is a clear colored polish. It can prevent scratching, chipping and peeling. And it has a hardened barrier. It helps  dry quickly the underlying colored polish.

Gel

It is  look likea regular polish and it is long lasting. Untill it is set under Led lamp or an ultraviolet. It lasts around two weeks and typically last 2-7 days before chipping. It is more difficult to remove than regular nail polish. It can be removed after soaking the nails in acetone for 5- 10 minutes. And with non- acetone nail polish remover it is not remove.

In fashion nail polish uses

At first nail polish was color in red, purple, black and clear . But now a days verities colors and techniques have developed and there are available various colors.

Nail polish remover

Nailpolish  can be removed with nail polish remover or nail pads and this is an organic solvent. It has oil, scents and color. It can be used with cotton pad or cotton ball and these are liquid remover and until the polish comes off it is twisting with finger.It is  compound of acetone and made of acrylic.Ethyle acetate is less toxic. As a nailpolish remover Acetonitrile has been used.

Lipstick’s history

Elizabeth tylor

Lipstick is the woman’s  cosmetic product and it is useable and  very popular in the woman’s world. Without lipstick face decoration and makeup is not fulfilled. It is made of oils, emollients, waxes and then apply colour. There are various types of lipstick . In the ancient times, lipstick worn women.

History

Elizabeth Arden

About 5,000 years ago,  lipstic was invented by the Ancient Sumerian men and women. They used crushed gemstones to decorate their faces, lips and around the eyes. In the ancient times (3000Bc to 1500 BC)women used tinted lipstick for decoration of their lips and face. In the ancient times, Egyptians used a colourful mixture that’s are red dye focus algin, bromine and 0.01% iodine.  This type of dye caused serious affected and illness. Abu al qasim al- Zahrawi invented solid lipsticks during  the Islamic Golden age. These lipsticks were rolled with  perfumes and were molds with special. And there are found brief discussion in Al-tasrif.

In England-

Elizabeth Arden

Matte

During the period of 16^th century in England, lipsticks were more popular. There were bright red lips and stark white faces were more poplular and fashionable. Lipsticks were made by beeswax and red stains. These lipsticks used upper class women and male actors. During the period 1770 the British rulled and that period women could not use lipstick befor her wedding day.

In united states

During the period 19^th century, lipstick used with carmine dye. They used carmine dye that was made from insect’s body and eggs and mixed with calcium salts and aluminum. Carmine was mixed with wax and oil during the

Lipstick shades

Revlon

Lipstick has a limited number of shades in the 20^th century. Between the 19^th and 20^th century, dark red was the most popular shade. Elizabeth Arden introduced different colors lipstick in 1930. A variety of lipstick shades created and inspired by Elizabeth Arden. Pink lipsticks are made from colourless titanium dioxide and red shades. And these are organic and inorganic pigments. Matte lipsticks has filling agents such as silica and they have not many emollients. Crème lipsticks have waxes more and less oils. Long lasting lipsticks have silicone oil. Glossy lipstick has more oil and the lips become more shiny.